Главная » База знаний » Системные функции и WinAPI » Windows » Шрифты, языки, кодировки, регионарные стандарты » Многоязычие, локализация и перекодировка

Распознавание кодировки

Falk0ner, вс, 06/07/2008 - 15:34.

Алгоритм распознавания кодировки нужен для автоматического декодирования текста. Этот алгоритм основан на том, что некоторые буквы русского алфавита встречается очень часто, а некоторые редко. Поскольку этот способ статистический, то лучше всего он работает с большими текстами.

type
TCode = (win, koi, iso, dos);
const
CodeStrings: array [TCode] of String = ('win','koi','iso','dos');
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
str: array [TCode] of string;
norm: array ['А'..'я'] of single;
code1, code2: TCode;
min1, min2: TCode;
count: array [char] of integer;
d, min: single;
s, so: string;
chars: array [char] of char;
c: char;
i: integer;
begin
so := Memo1.Text;
norm['А'] := 0.001;
norm['Б'] := 0;
norm['В'] := 0.002;
norm['Г'] := 0;
norm['Д'] := 0.001;
norm['Е'] := 0.001;
norm['Ж'] := 0;
norm['З'] := 0;
norm['И'] := 0.001;
norm['Й'] := 0;
norm['К'] := 0.001;
norm['Л'] := 0;
norm['М'] := 0.001;
norm['Н'] := 0.001;
norm['О'] := 0.001;
norm['П'] := 0.002;
norm['Р'] := 0.002;
norm['С'] := 0.001;
norm['Т'] := 0.001;
norm['У'] := 0;
norm['Ф'] := 0;
norm['Х'] := 0;
norm['Ц'] := 0;
norm['Ч'] := 0.001;
norm['Ш'] := 0.001;
norm['Щ'] := 0;
norm['Ъ'] := 0;
norm['Ы'] := 0;
norm['Ь'] := 0;
norm['Э'] := 0.001;
norm['Ю'] := 0;
norm['Я'] := 0;
norm['а'] := 0.057;
norm['б'] := 0.01;
norm['в'] := 0.031;
norm['г'] := 0.011;
norm['д'] := 0.021;
norm['е'] := 0.067;
norm['ж'] := 0.007;
norm['з'] := 0.013;
norm['и'] := 0.052;
norm['й'] := 0.011;
norm['к'] := 0.023;
norm['л'] := 0.03;
norm['м'] := 0.024;
norm['н'] := 0.043;
norm['о'] := 0.075;
norm['п'] := 0.026;
norm['р'] := 0.038;
norm['с'] := 0.034;
norm['т'] := 0.046;
norm['у'] := 0.016;
norm['ф'] := 0.001;
norm['х'] := 0.006;
norm['ц'] := 0.002;
norm['ч'] := 0.011;
norm['ш'] := 0.004;
norm['щ'] := 0.004;
norm['ъ'] := 0;
norm['ы'] := 0.012;
norm['ь'] := 0.012;
norm['э'] := 0.003;
norm['ю'] := 0.005;
norm['я'] := 0.015;
Str[win] := 'АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя';
Str[koi] := 'юЮаАбБцЦдДеЕфФгГхХиИйЙкКлЛмМнНоОпПяЯрРсСтТуУжЖвВьЬыЫзЗшШэЭщЩчЧъЪ';
Str[iso] := 'РрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯяа№бёвђгѓдєеѕжізїијйљкњлћмќн§оўпџ';
Str[dos] := 'Ђ ЃЎ‚ўѓЈ„¤…Ґ†¦‡§ЂЁ‰©ЉЄ‹"Њ¬ЌЋ®ЏЇђа'б'в"г"д•е–ж—з?и™йљк›лњмќнћоџп';
for c := #0 to #255 do
Chars[c] := c;
min1 := win;
min2 := win;
min := 0;
s := so;
fillchar(count, sizeof(count), 0);
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
inc(count[s[i]]);
for c := 'А' to 'я' do
min := min + sqr(count[c] / Length(s) - norm[c]);
for code1 := low(TCode) to high(TCode) do begin
for code2 := low(TCode) to high(TCode) do begin
if code1 = code2 then continue;
s := so;
for i := 1 to Length(Str[win]) do
Chars[Str[code2][i]] := Str[code1][i];
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
s[i] := Chars[s[i]];
fillchar(count, sizeof(count), 0);
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
inc(count[s[i]]);
d := 0;
for c := 'А' to 'я' do
d := d + sqr(count[c] / Length(s) - norm[c]);
if d < min then begin
min1 := code1;
min2 := code2;
min := d;
end;
end;
end;
s := Memo1.Text;
if min1 <> min2 then begin
for c := #0 to #255 do
Chars[c] := c;
for i := 1 to Length(Str[win]) do
Chars[Str[min2][i]] := Str[min1][i];
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
s[i] := Chars[s[i]];
end;
Form1.Caption := CodeStrings[min2] + ' ' + CodeStrings[min1];
Memo2.Text := s;
end;

Автор советов: Даниил Карапетян
e-mail: delphi4all@narod.ru
Автор справки: Алексей Денисов
e-mail: aleksey@sch103.krasnoyarsk.su

Автор: Stas Malinovski

Методом таблицы модельных распределений:


type
TCodePage = (cpWin1251, cp866, cpKOI8R);
PMap = ^TMap;
TMap = array[#$80..#$FF] of Char;
function GetMap(CP: TCodePage): PMap;
{ должна возвращать указатель на таблицу перекодировки из CP в Windows1251
(nil для CP = cpWin1251) }
begin
GetMap := nil;
end;
function DetermineRussian(Buf: PChar; Count: Integer): TCodePage;
const
ModelBigrams: array[0..33, 0..33] of Byte = (
{АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМHОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ_?}
{А}(0, 20, 44, 12, 22, 23, 16, 60, 4, 9, 63, 93, 47, 110, 0, 16, 35, 61, 81,
1, 5, 13, 24, 17, 12, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 14, 31, 205, 1),
{Б}(19, 0, 0, 0, 4, 19, 0, 0, 8, 0, 2, 15, 1, 4, 41, 0, 15, 5, 0, 15, 0, 2,
1, 0, 0, 6, 16, 37, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 0),
{В}(97, 0, 1, 0, 2, 57, 0, 5, 40, 0, 4, 25, 2, 23, 78, 2, 8, 28, 4, 12, 0,
1, 0, 0, 8, 1, 0, 40, 1, 0, 0, 5, 106, 3),
{Г}(13, 0, 0, 0, 9, 5, 0, 0, 15, 0, 1, 17, 1, 2, 96, 0, 24, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 8, 0),
{Д}(63, 0, 9, 1, 2, 71, 1, 0, 35, 0, 3, 16, 2, 22, 50, 2, 19, 9, 2, 25, 0,
2, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 9, 4, 0, 1, 5, 17, 4),
{Е}(4, 14, 15, 34, 56, 22, 13, 14, 2, 34, 39, 77, 73, 150, 6, 9, 101, 64,
81, 1, 0, 15, 5, 12, 10, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 235, 1),
{Ж}(13, 0, 0, 0, 12, 47, 0, 0, 16, 0, 1, 0, 0, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2),
{З}(76, 2, 11, 3, 11, 4, 1, 0, 7, 0, 2, 4, 11, 24, 17, 0, 6, 1, 0, 8, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, 6, 0, 1, 4, 17, 0),
{И}(7, 9, 32, 5, 18, 60, 4, 42, 31, 27, 28, 46, 55, 49, 12, 7, 26, 60, 53,
0, 5, 25, 14, 28, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 56, 255, 0),
{Й}(0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 10, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 122, 0),
{К}(92, 0, 3, 0, 0, 7, 2, 1, 39, 0, 0, 27, 0, 14, 110, 0, 18, 5, 35, 18, 0,
0, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 5, 0),
{Л}(85, 1, 0, 2, 1, 70, 6, 0, 85, 0, 5, 3, 0, 9, 67, 1, 0, 9, 0, 15, 0, 0,
0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 9, 66, 0, 15, 43, 57, 4),
{М}(44, 0, 0, 0, 0, 65, 0, 0, 47, 0, 1, 1, 10, 15, 57, 7, 0, 2, 0, 24, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 28, 0, 0, 0, 8, 109, 3),
{}(139, 0, 0, 1, 11, 108, 0, 4, 152, 0, 7, 0, 1, 69, 161, 0, 0, 8, 25, 24,
5, 1, 5, 2, 0, 1, 0, 83, 10, 0, 1, 29, 38, 5),
{О}(0, 72, 139, 76, 74, 32, 32, 19, 12, 52, 21, 93, 68, 72, 7, 34, 93, 102,
98, 1, 2, 6, 6, 19, 15, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4, 9, 252, 2),
{П}(17, 0, 0, 0, 0, 43, 0, 0, 14, 0, 1, 9, 0, 1, 125, 3, 120, 1, 2, 8, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 6, 0, 0, 3, 2, 2),
{Р}(151, 1, 6, 4, 3, 103, 7, 0, 76, 0, 4, 0, 11, 10, 117, 1, 0, 5, 9, 39, 2,
5, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 24, 7, 0, 1, 10, 22, 5),
{С}(24, 1, 21, 0, 3, 39, 0, 0, 33, 0, 56, 41, 11, 15, 58, 30, 5, 30, 183,
16, 0, 4, 1, 4, 1, 0, 0, 8, 25, 0, 1, 50, 41, 2),
{Т}(83, 0, 43, 0, 3, 87, 0, 0, 71, 0, 9, 3, 2, 26, 180, 0, 55, 33, 1, 23, 1,
0, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0, 20, 78, 0, 0, 5, 82, 4),
{У}(3, 6, 7, 14, 19, 8, 13, 6, 0, 1, 13, 15, 10, 7, 0, 12, 17, 16, 19, 0, 1,
3, 0, 12, 5, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 22, 1, 65, 0),
{Ф}(4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 9, 0, 3, 0, 0, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0),
{Х}(9, 0, 2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 1, 0, 5, 26, 0, 4, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 76, 0),
{Ц}(5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, 0, 0, 48, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0),
{Ч}(30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 52, 0, 0, 23, 0, 3, 1, 0, 14, 1, 0, 0, 0, 36, 5, 0, 0,
0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2),
{Ш}(13, 0, 0, 0, 0, 28, 0, 0, 17, 0, 4, 4, 0, 4, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1),
{Щ}(6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 23, 0, 0, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1),
{Ъ}(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0),
{Ы}(0, 5, 14, 1, 3, 28, 0, 2, 0, 22, 6, 19, 21, 2, 0, 5, 4, 7, 10, 0, 0, 37,
0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 84, 0),
{Ь}(0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 10, 1, 0, 13, 0, 2, 26, 0, 0, 0, 10, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1,
0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 4, 117, 0),
{Э}(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 31, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
{Ю}(0, 5, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 0, 0, 0, 1, 4,
1, 15, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 38, 0),
{Я}(0, 0, 9, 2, 7, 10, 3, 19, 0, 0, 1, 6, 7, 8, 0, 0, 2, 6, 19, 0, 0, 3, 5,
1, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 2, 177, 0),
{_}(42, 80, 193, 43, 109, 41, 18, 53, 159, 0, 144, 27, 83, 176, 187, 229,
70, 231, 99, 47, 15, 13, 6, 58, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 38, 0, 22, 0, 2),
{?}(0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 4, 8, 0, 0, 5, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0));
{ " рейтинг" буквы ? условно принимается равным 1/20 от " рейтинга" буквы E,
если сочетание с участием ? корректно, иначе - 0 }
type
TVariation = array[0..33, 0..33] of Integer;
var
I, J, iC, iPredC, Max: Integer;
C: Char;
CP: TCodePage;
D, MinD, Factor: Double;
AMap: PMap;
PV: ^TVariation;
Vars: array[TCodePage] of TVariation;
begin
DetermineRussian := cpWin1251; { по yмолчанию }
{ вычисление распределений биграмм }
FillChar(Vars, SizeOf(Vars), 0);
for CP := Low(Vars) to High(Vars) do
begin
AMap := GetMap(CP);
PV := @Vars[CP];
iPredC := 32;
for I := 0 to Count - 1 do
begin
C := Buf[I];
iC := 32;
if C > = #128 then
begin
if AMap < > nil then
C := AMap^[C];
if not (C in ['?', '?']) then
begin
C := Chr(Ord(C) and not 32); { 'a'..'я' -> 'А'..'Я' }
if C in ['А'..'Я'] then
iC := Ord(C) - Ord('А');
end
else
iC := 33;
end;
Inc(PV^[iPredC, iC]);
iPredC := iC;
end;
end;
{ вычисление метрики и определение наиболее правдоподобной кодировки }
MinD := 0;
for CP := Low(Vars) to High(Vars) do
begin
PV := @Vars[CP];
PV^[32, 32] := 0;
Max := 1;
for I := 0 to 33 do
for J := 0 to 33 do
if PV^[I, J] > Max then
Max := PV^[I, J];
Factor := 255 / Max; { ноpмализация }
D := 0;
for I := 0 to 33 do
for J := 0 to 33 do
D := D + Abs(PV^[I, J] * Factor - ModelBigrams[I, J]);
if (MinD = 0) or (D < MinD) then
begin
MinD := D;
DetermineRussian := CP;
end;
end;
end;
begin
{ тест: слово 'Пример' в разных кодировках (веpоятность ошибок на таких
коpотких текстах высока - в данном слyчае пpосто повезло!) }
writeln(DetermineRussian(#$CF#$F0#$E8#$EC#$E5#$F0, 6) = cpWin1251);
writeln(DetermineRussian(#$8F#$E0#$A8#$AC#$A5#$E0, 6) = cp866);
writeln(DetermineRussian(#$F0#$D2#$C9#$CD#$C5#$D2, 6) = cpKOI8R);
readln;
end.
http://delphiworld.narod.ru/
DelphiWorld 6.0

Автоопределение кодировки ANSI-OEM

const
l3_csANSI = 0;
{-признак кодировки ANSII}
l3_csOEM = 255;
{-признак кодировки OEM}
type
cc_Graph_CriteriaRange = #176..#223; {-критерий для определения псевдографики}
TChars = set of char;
Long = LongInt;
const
cc_OEM_CriteriaEx = [#128..#175] + [#224..#239];
cc_ANSI_CriteriaEx = [#192..#255];
cc_Graph_Criteria = [Low(cc_Graph_CriteriaRange)..High(cc_Graph_CriteriaRange)];
type
T_cc_GraphCounts = array [cc_Graph_CriteriaRange] of Longint;
procedure l3AnalizeCharSetEx(var Buf: PChar; BufEnd: PChar;
var OEMCount, ANSICount, GraphCount: Long;
var GraphCounts: T_cc_GraphCounts);
var
C : Char;
begin
OEMCount := 0;
ANSICount := 0;
GraphCount := 0;
for C := Low(T_cc_GraphCounts) to High(T_cc_GraphCounts) do GraphCounts[C] := 0;
while (Buf < BufEnd) do begin
C := Buf^;
Inc(Buf);
if (C in cc_OEM_CriteriaEx) then Inc(OEMCount);
if (C in cc_ANSI_CriteriaEx) then Inc(ANSICount);
if (C in cc_Graph_Criteria) then begin
Inc(GraphCounts[C]);
Inc(GraphCount);
end;
end;{Buf < BufEnd}
end;
function l3AnalizeCharSetExEx(Buf, BufEnd: PChar): Byte;
var
OEMCount : Long;
ANSICount : Long;
GraphCount : Long;
GraphCount_2: Long;
GraphCounts : T_cc_GraphCounts;
C : Char;
begin
l3AnalizeCharSetEx(Buf, BufEnd, OEMCount, ANSICount, GraphCount,GraphCounts);
if (OEMCount > ANSICount) then
Result := l3_csOEM
else if (GraphCount > = ANSICount) then begin
Result := 0;
GraphCount_2 := GraphCount div 2;
for C := Low(T_cc_GraphCounts) to High(T_cc_GraphCounts) do begin
If (GraphCounts[C] > GraphCount_2) then begin
Result := l3_csOEM;
break;
end;{GraphCounts[C] > ..}
end;{for C}
end else Result := 0;
end;
function l3AnalizeCharSetBuf(Buf: PChar; Len: Long): Byte;
begin
Result := l3AnalizeCharSetExEx(Buf, Buf + Len);
end;
http://delphiworld.narod.ru/
DelphiWorld 6.0

(Кол-во насчитанных бyков)
А:241790 Б:45768 В:131582 Г:36392 Д:90944 Е:286883 Ж:27470 З:53187
И:221390 Й:35677 К:102705 Л:116371 М:115467 H:185044 О:304716 П:104408
Р:157473 С:143929 Т:202411 У:69038 Ф:14771 Х:19930 Ц:17906 Ч:34798
Ш:9739 Щ:18389 Ъ:4830 Ы:70756 Ь:41913 Э:12354 Ю:23026 Я:67180
(Кол-во насчитанных бyков, отсоpтиpовано)
О:304716 Е:286883 А:241790 И:221390 Т:202411 H:185044 Р:157473 С:143929
В:131582 Л:116371 М:115467 П:104408 К:102705 Д:90944 Ы:70756 У:69038
Я:67180 З:53187 Б:45768 Ь:41913 Г:36392 Й:35677 Ч:34798 Ж:27470
Ю:23026 Х:19930 Щ:18389 Ц:17906 Ф:14771 Э:12354 Ш:9739 Ъ:4830
(Кол-во насчитанных бyков, отсоpтиpовано и pасфасовано)
Гласные:
О:304716 Е:286883 А:241790 И:221390 Ы:70756 У:69038 Я:67180 Й:35677
Э:12354 Ю:23026
Согласные:
Т:202411 H:185044 Р:157473 С:143929 В:131582 Л:116371 М:115467 П:104408
К:102705 Д:90944 З:53187 Б:45768 Г:36392 Ч:34798 Ж:27470 Х:19930
Щ:18389 Ц:17906 Ф:14771 Ш:9739
Фиг знает какие:
Ь:41913 Ъ:4830
Чаще всего встpечаются бyквы: 'ОТЕHАР'
Тепеpь пеpекодиpовка

type
TCoding = array[Char] of Char;
const
DTW := TCoding(Dos - > Win
#$00, #$01, #$02, #$03, #$04, #$05, #$06, #$07,
#$08, #$09, #$0A, #$0B, #$0C, #$0D, #$0E, #$0F,
#$10, #$11, #$12, #$13, #$14, #$15, #$16, #$17,
#$18, #$19, #$1A, #$1B, #$1C, #$1D, #$1E, #$1F,
#$20, #$21, #$22, #$23, #$24, #$25, #$26, #$27,
#$28, #$29, #$2A, #$2B, #$2C, #$2D, #$2E, #$2F,
#$30, #$31, #$32, #$33, #$34, #$35, #$36, #$37,
#$38, #$39, #$3A, #$3B, #$3C, #$3D, #$3E, #$3F,
#$40, #$41, #$42, #$43, #$44, #$45, #$46, #$47,
#$48, #$49, #$4A, #$4B, #$4C, #$4D, #$4E, #$4F,
#$50, #$51, #$52, #$53, #$54, #$55, #$56, #$57,
#$58, #$59, #$5A, #$5B, #$5C, #$5D, #$5E, #$5F,
#$60, #$61, #$62, #$63, #$64, #$65, #$66, #$67,
#$68, #$69, #$6A, #$6B, #$6C, #$6D, #$6E, #$6F,
#$70, #$71, #$72, #$73, #$74, #$75, #$76, #$77,
#$78, #$79, #$7A, #$7B, #$7C, #$7D, #$7E, #$7F,
#$C0, #$C1, #$C2, #$C3, #$C4, #$C5, #$C6, #$C7,
#$C8, #$C9, #$CA, #$CB, #$CC, #$CD, #$CE, #$CF,
#$D0, #$D1, #$D2, #$D3, #$D4, #$D5, #$D6, #$D7,
#$D8, #$D9, #$DA, #$DB, #$DC, #$DD, #$DE, #$DF,
#$E0, #$E1, #$E2, #$E3, #$E4, #$E5, #$E6, #$E7,
#$E8, #$E9, #$EA, #$EB, #$EC, #$ED, #$EE, #$EF,
#$80, #$81, #$82, #$83, #$84, #$C1, #$C2, #$C0,
#$A9, #$85, #$86, #$87, #$88, #$A2, #$A5, #$89,
#$8A, #$8B, #$8C, #$8D, #$8E, #$8F, #$E3, #$C3,
#$90, #$93, #$94, #$95, #$96, #$97, #$98, #$A4,
#$F0, #$D0, #$CA, #$CB, #$C8, #$D7, #$CD, #$CE,
#$CF, #$99, #$9A, #$9B, #$9C, #$A6, #$CC, #$9D,
#$F0, #$F1, #$F2, #$F3, #$F4, #$F5, #$F6, #$F7,
#$F8, #$F9, #$FA, #$FB, #$FC, #$FD, #$FE, #$FF,
#$A8, #$B8, #$F7, #$BE, #$B6, #$A7, #$9F, #$B8,
#$B0, #$A8, #$B7, #$B9, #$B3, #$B2, #$9E, #$A0);
WTD: TCoding = (Win - > Dos
#$00, #$01, #$02, #$03, #$04, #$05, #$06, #$07,
#$08, #$09, #$0A, #$0B, #$0C, #$0D, #$0E, #$0F,
#$10, #$11, #$12, #$13, #$14, #$15, #$16, #$17,
#$18, #$19, #$1A, #$1B, #$1C, #$1D, #$1E, #$1F,
#$20, #$21, #$22, #$23, #$24, #$25, #$26, #$27,
#$28, #$29, #$2A, #$2B, #$2C, #$2D, #$2E, #$2F,
#$30, #$31, #$32, #$33, #$34, #$35, #$36, #$37,
#$38, #$39, #$3A, #$3B, #$3C, #$3D, #$3E, #$3F,
#$40, #$41, #$42, #$43, #$44, #$45, #$46, #$47,
#$48, #$49, #$4A, #$4B, #$4C, #$4D, #$4E, #$4F,
#$50, #$51, #$52, #$53, #$54, #$55, #$56, #$57,
#$58, #$59, #$5A, #$5B, #$5C, #$5D, #$5E, #$5F,
#$60, #$61, #$62, #$63, #$64, #$65, #$66, #$67,
#$68, #$69, #$6A, #$6B, #$6C, #$6D, #$6E, #$6F,
#$70, #$71#$78, #$79, #$7A, #$7B, #$7C, #$7D, #$7E, #$7F,
#$B0, #$B1, #$B2, #$B3, #$B4, #$B5, #$B6, #$B7,
#$B8, #$B9, #$BA, #$BB, #$BC, #$BD, #$BE, #$BF,
#$C0, #$C1, #$C2, #$C3, #$C4, #$C5, #$C6, #$C7,
#$C8, #$C9, #$CA, #$CB, #$CC, #$CD, #$CE, #$CF,
#$D0, #$D1, #$D2, #$D3, #$D4, #$D5, #$D6, #$D7,
#$F0, #$D9, #$DA, #$DB, #$DC, #$DD, #$DE, #$DF,
#$F0, #$F1, #$F2, #$F3, #$F4, #$F5, #$F6, #$F7,
#$F1, #$F9, #$FA, #$FB, #$FC, #$FD, #$FE, #$FF,
#$80, #$81, #$82, #$83, #$84, #$85, #$86, #$87,
#$88, #$89, #$8A, #$8B, #$8C, #$8D, #$8E, #$8F,
#$90, #$91, #$92, #$93, #$94, #$95, #$96, #$97,
#$98, #$99, #$9A, #$9B, #$9C, #$9D, #$9E, #$9F,
#$A0, #$A1, #$A2, #$A3, #$A4, #$A5, #$A6, #$A7,
#$A8, #$A9, #$AA, #$AB, #$AC, #$AD, #$AE, #$AF,
#$E0, #$E1, #$E2, #$E3, #$E4, #$E5, #$E6, #$E7,
#$E8, #$E9, #$EA, #$EB, #$EC, #$ED, #$EE, #$EF);
{Тепеpь сам пpоцесс подсч?та!}
type
TCounts = array[Char] of LongInt;
var
WinCounts: TCounts;
DosCounts: TCounts;
{Очистка}
procedure ClearCoding;
var
c: Char;
begin
for c := #1 to #$FF do
begin
WinCounts[c] := 0;
DosCounts[c] := 0;
end;
end;
{Подсч?т}
procedure CalcString(const S: string);
var
i: LongInt;
begin
for i := 1 to LenGth(s) do
begin
{Если в Delphi}
Inc(WinCounts[S[i]]);
Inc(DosCounts[DTW[S[i]]]);
{Если в Turbo Pascal
Inc(WinCounts[WTD[S[i]]]);
Inc(DosCounts[S[i]]);
}
end;
end;
function TestWinCode: Boolean;
begin
TestWinCode :=
(WinCounts['О'] + WinCounts['Т'] + WinCounts['Е'] + WinCounts['H']) >=
(DosCounts['О'] + DosCounts['Т'] + DosCounts['Е'] + DosCounts['H']);
end;
function TestDosCode: Boolean;
begin
TestDosCode :=
(WinCounts['О'] + WinCounts['Т'] + WinCounts['Е'] + WinCounts['H']) <
(DosCounts['О'] + DosCounts['Т'] + DosCounts['Е'] + DosCounts['H']);
end;
{ *----------------Откyда-вс?-это-???-------------------------* }
{ Можно yбpать последние тpи слагаемые, y меня и так pаботало }
{ Опpеделяет по одномy словy, если там есть хотя бы одна бyква }
{ Можно также сделать по всем бyквам и искать pасстояния в 256 }
{ меpном пpостpанстве, но это я делал, когда символы были за- }
{ шифpованы чеpез Xor или Add Const, а там, пpости, 256 ваpи- }
{ антов, а не два. И то y меня по одномy словy вс? понимала, }
{ только pедкие не понимала, но пpедложения точно понимала! }
{ *-----------------------------------------------------------* }
{ *-------------------UpGread---------------------------------* }
{ Можно доpаботать пpогpаммy для игноpиpования повтоpяющихся }
{ последовательностей }
{ *-----------------------------------------------------------* }

{Пpимеp использования}
_Var_
S: _String_;
f: Text;
_Begin_
Assign(f, 'Test.txt');
Reset(f);
ClearCoding;
_Repeat_
ReadLn(f, S);
CalcString(S);
_Until_
EOF(f);
Close(f);
_If_ TestWinCode _Then_
{Виндовская кодиpовка}
_If_ TestDosCode _Then_
{Досовская кодиpовка}
_End_;

http://delphiworld.narod.ru/
DelphiWorld 6.0

Распознавание кодировки. Перекодировка.
Алгоритм распознавания кодировки нужен для автоматического декодирования текста. Этот алгоритм основан на том, что некоторые буквы русского алфавита встречается очень часто, а некоторые редко. Поскольку этот способ статистический, то лучше всего он работает с большими текстами.

type
TCode = (win, koi, iso, dos);
const
CodeStrings: array [TCode] of string = ('win','koi','iso','dos');
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
str: array [TCode] of string;
norm: array ['А'..'я'] of single;
code1, code2: TCode;
min1, min2: TCode;
count: array [char] of integer;
d, min: single;
s, so: string;
chars: array [char] of char;
c: char;
i: integer;
begin
so := Memo1.Text;
norm['А'] := 0.001;
norm['Б'] := 0;
norm['В'] := 0.002;
norm['Г'] := 0;
norm['Д'] := 0.001;
norm['Е'] := 0.001;
norm['Ж'] := 0;
norm['З'] := 0;
norm['И'] := 0.001;
norm['Й'] := 0;
norm['К'] := 0.001;
norm['Л'] := 0;
norm['М'] := 0.001;
norm['Н'] := 0.001;
norm['О'] := 0.001;
norm['П'] := 0.002;
norm['Р'] := 0.002;
norm['С'] := 0.001;
norm['Т'] := 0.001;
norm['У'] := 0;
norm['Ф'] := 0;
norm['Х'] := 0;
norm['Ц'] := 0;
norm['Ч'] := 0.001;
norm['Ш'] := 0.001;
norm['Щ'] := 0;
norm['Ъ'] := 0;
norm['Ы'] := 0;
norm['Ь'] := 0;
norm['Э'] := 0.001;
norm['Ю'] := 0;
norm['Я'] := 0;
norm['а'] := 0.057;
norm['б'] := 0.01;
norm['в'] := 0.031;
norm['г'] := 0.011;
norm['д'] := 0.021;
norm['е'] := 0.067;
norm['ж'] := 0.007;
norm['з'] := 0.013;
norm['и'] := 0.052;
norm['й'] := 0.011;
norm['к'] := 0.023;
norm['л'] := 0.03;
norm['м'] := 0.024;
norm['н'] := 0.043;
norm['о'] := 0.075;
norm['п'] := 0.026;
norm['р'] := 0.038;
norm['с'] := 0.034;
norm['т'] := 0.046;
norm['у'] := 0.016;
norm['ф'] := 0.001;
norm['х'] := 0.006;
norm['ц'] := 0.002;
norm['ч'] := 0.011;
norm['ш'] := 0.004;
norm['щ'] := 0.004;
norm['ъ'] := 0;
norm['ы'] := 0.012;
norm['ь'] := 0.012;
norm['э'] := 0.003;
norm['ю'] := 0.005;
norm['я'] := 0.015;
Str[win] := 'АаБбВвГгДдЕеЖжЗзИиЙйКкЛлМмНнОоПпРрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯя';
Str[koi] := 'юЮаАбБцЦдДеЕфФгГхХиИйЙкКлЛмМнНоОпПяЯрРсСтТуУжЖвВьЬыЫзЗшШэЭщЩчЧъЪ';
Str[iso] := 'РрСсТтУуФфХхЦцЧчШшЩщЪъЫыЬьЭэЮюЯяа№бёвђгѓдєеѕжізїијйљкњлћмќн§оўпџ';
Str[dos] := 'Ђ ЃЎ‚ўѓЈ"¤…Ґ†¦‡§?Ё‰©ЉЄ‹"ЊЌЋ®ЏЇђа'б'в"г"дoе-ж-зи™йљк›лњмќнћоџпз?и™йљк›лњмќнћоџп';
for c := #0 to #255 do
Chars[c] := c;
min1 := win;
min2 := win;
min := 0;
s := so;
fillchar(count, sizeof(count), 0);
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
inc(count[s[i]]);
for c := 'А' to 'я' do
min := min + sqr(count[c] / Length(s) - norm[c]);
for code1 := low(TCode) to high(TCode) do
begin
for code2 := low(TCode) to high(TCode) do
begin
if code1 = code2 then
continue;
s := so;
for i := 1 to Length(Str[win]) do
Chars[Str[code2][i]] := Str[code1][i];
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
s[i] := Chars[s[i]];
fillchar(count, sizeof(count), 0);
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
inc(count[s[i]]);
d := 0;
for c := 'А' to 'я' do
d := d + sqr(count[c] / Length(s) - norm[c]);
if d < min then
begin
min1 := code1;
min2 := code2;
min := d;
end;
end;
end;
s := Memo1.Text;
if min1 <> min2 then
begin
for c := #0 to #255 do
Chars[c] := c;
for i := 1 to Length(Str[win]) do
Chars[Str[min2][i]] := Str[min1][i];
for i := 1 to Length(s) do
s[i] := Chars[s[i]];
end;
Form1.Caption := CodeStrings[min2] + ' ' + CodeStrings[min1];
Memo2.Text := s;
end;

http://delphiworld.narod.ru/
DelphiWorld 6.0
Определение кодовой страницы

Автор: Alexander Trunov

{
Work with codepages
(c) 1999 by Alexander Trunov, {2:5069/10}, {jnc@mail.ru}
}
unit Codepage;
interface
const
cpWin = 01;
cpAlt = 02;
cpKoi = 03;
function DetermineCodepage(const st: string): Byte;
function Alt2Win(const st: string): string;
function Win2Alt(const st: string): string;
function Alt2Koi(const st: string): string;
function Koi2Alt(const st: string): string;
function Win2Koi(const st: string): string;
function Koi2Win(const st: string): string;
function X2Y(const st: string; srcCp, dstCp: Byte): string;
implementation
const
AltSet = ['А'..'Я', 'а'..'п', 'р'..'я'];
KoiSet = ['Б'..'Р', 'Т'..'С'];
WinSet = ['а'..'п', 'р'..#255];
Win2AltTable: array[0..255] of Byte = (
$00, $01, $02, $03, $04, $05, $06, $07, $08, $20, $0A, $0B, $0C, $0D, $0E, $0F,
$10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $1A, $1B, $1C, $1D, $1E, $1F,
$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $2A, $2B, $2C, $2D, $2E, $2F,
$30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35, $36, $37, $38, $39, $3A, $3B, $3C, $3D, $3E, $3F,
$40, $41, $42, $43, $44, $45, $46, $47, $48, $49, $4A, $4B, $4C, $4D, $4E, $4F,
$50, $51, $52, $53, $54, $55, $56, $57, $58, $59, $5A, $5B, $5C, $5D, $5E, $5F,
$60, $61, $62, $63, $64, $65, $66, $67, $68, $69, $6A, $6B, $6C, $6D, $6E, $6F,
$70, $71, $72, $73, $74, $75, $76, $77, $78, $79, $7A, $7B, $7C, $7D, $7E, $7F,
$80, $81, $82, $83, $84, $85, $86, $87, $88, $89, $8A, $8B, $8C, $8D, $8E, $8F,
$90, $91, $92, $93, $94, $95, $96, $97, $98, $99, $9A, $9B, $9C, $9D, $9E, $9F,
$A0, $A1, $A2, $A3, $A4, $A5, $A6, $A7, $A8, $A9, $AA, $22, $AC, $AD, $AE, $AF,
$B0, $B1, $B2, $B3, $B4, $B5, $B6, $B7, $B8, $FC, $BA, $22, $BC, $BD, $BE, $BF,
$80, $81, $82, $83, $84, $85, $86, $87, $88, $89, $8A, $8B, $8C, $8D, $8E, $8F,
$90, $91, $92, $93, $94, $95, $96, $97, $98, $99, $9A, $9B, $9C, $9D, $9E, $9F,
$A0, $A1, $A2, $A3, $A4, $A5, $A6, $A7, $A8, $A9, $AA, $AB, $AC, $AD, $AE, $AF,
$E0, $E1, $E2, $E3, $E4, $E5, $E6, $E7, $E8, $E9, $EA, $EB, $EC, $ED, $EE, $EF);
Alt2WinTable: array[0..255] of Byte = (
$00, $01, $02, $03, $04, $05, $06, $07, $08, $09, $0A, $0B, $0C, $0D, $0E, $0F,
$10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $1A, $1B, $1C, $1D, $1E, $1F,
$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $2A, $2B, $2C, $2D, $2E, $2F,
$30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35, $36, $37, $38, $39, $3A, $3B, $3C, $3D, $3E, $3F,
$40, $41, $42, $43, $44, $45, $46, $47, $48, $49, $4A, $4B, $4C, $4D, $4E, $4F,
$50, $51, $52, $53, $54, $55, $56, $57, $58, $59, $5A, $5B, $5C, $5D, $5E, $5F,
$60, $61, $62, $63, $64, $65, $66, $67, $68, $69, $6A, $6B, $6C, $6D, $6E, $6F,
$70, $71, $72, $73, $74, $75, $76, $77, $78, $79, $7A, $7B, $7C, $7D, $7E, $7F,
$C0, $C1, $C2, $C3, $C4, $C5, $C6, $C7, $C8, $C9, $CA, $CB, $CC, $CD, $CE, $CF,
$D0, $D1, $D2, $D3, $D4, $D5, $D6, $D7, $D8, $D9, $DA, $DB, $DC, $DD, $DE, $DF,
$E0, $E1, $E2, $E3, $E4, $E5, $E6, $E7, $E8, $E9, $EA, $EB, $EC, $ED, $EE, $EF,
$20, $20, $20, $A6, $A6, $A6, $A6, $2B, $2B, $A6, $A6, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B,
$2B, $2D, $2D, $2B, $2D, $2B, $A6, $A6, $2B, $2B, $2D, $2D, $A6, $2D, $2B, $2D,
$2D, $2D, $2D, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $2B, $5F, $5F, $5F, $5F, $5F,
$F0, $F1, $F2, $F3, $F4, $F5, $F6, $F7, $F8, $F9, $FA, $FB, $FC, $FD, $FE, $FF,
$A8, $B8, $AA, $BA, $AF, $BF, $A1, $A2, $B0, $B7, $B7, $5F, $B9, $A4, $5F, $5F);
Koi2AltTable: array[0..255] of Byte = (
$00, $01, $02, $03, $04, $05, $06, $07, $08, $09, $0A, $0B, $0C, $0D, $0E, $0F,
$10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $1A, $1B, $1C, $1D, $1E, $1F,
$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $2A, $2B, $2C, $2D, $2E, $2F,
$30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35, $36, $37, $38, $39, $3A, $3B, $3C, $3D, $3E, $3F,
$40, $41, $42, $43, $44, $45, $46, $47, $48, $49, $4A, $4B, $4C, $4D, $4E, $4F,
$50, $51, $52, $53, $54, $55, $56, $57, $58, $59, $5A, $5B, $5C, $5D, $5E, $5F,
$60, $61, $62, $63, $64, $65, $66, $67, $68, $69, $6A, $6B, $6C, $6D, $6E, $6F,
$70, $71, $72, $73, $74, $75, $76, $77, $78, $79, $7A, $7B, $7C, $7D, $7E, $7F,
$80, $81, $82, $83, $84, $85, $86, $87, $88, $89, $8A, $8B, $8C, $8D, $8E, $8F,
$90, $91, $92, $93, $94, $95, $96, $97, $98, $99, $9A, $9B, $9C, $9D, $9E, $9F,
$A0, $A1, $A2, $A5, $A4, $A5, $A6, $A7, $A8, $A9, $AA, $AB, $AC, $AD, $AE, $AF,
$B0, $B1, $B2, $B3, $B4, $B5, $B6, $B7, $B8, $B9, $BA, $BB, $BC, $BD, $BE, $BF,
$EE, $A0, $A1, $E6, $A4, $A5, $E4, $A3, $E5, $A8, $A9, $AA, $AB, $AC, $AD, $AE,
$AF, $EF, $E0, $E1, $E2, $E3, $A6, $A2, $EC, $EB, $A7, $E8, $ED, $E9, $E7, $EA,
$9E, $80, $81, $96, $84, $85, $94, $83, $95, $88, $89, $8A, $8B, $8C, $8D, $8E,
$8F, $9F, $90, $91, $92, $93, $86, $82, $9C, $9B, $87, $98, $9D, $99, $97, $FF);
Alt2KoiTable: array[0..255] of Byte = (
$00, $01, $02, $03, $04, $05, $06, $07, $08, $09, $0A, $0B, $0C, $0D, $0E, $0F,
$10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $1A, $1B, $1C, $1D, $1E, $1F,
$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $2A, $2B, $2C, $2D, $2E, $2F,
$30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35, $36, $37, $38, $39, $3A, $3B, $3C, $3D, $3E, $3F,
$40, $41, $42, $43, $44, $45, $46, $47, $48, $49, $4A, $4B, $4C, $4D, $4E, $4F,
$50, $51, $52, $53, $54, $55, $56, $57, $58, $59, $5A, $5B, $5C, $5D, $5E, $5F,
$60, $61, $62, $63, $64, $65, $66, $67, $68, $69, $6A, $6B, $6C, $6D, $6E, $6F,
$70, $71, $72, $73, $74, $75, $76, $77, $78, $79, $7A, $7B, $7C, $7D, $7E, $7F,
$E1, $E2, $F7, $E7, $E4, $E5, $F6, $FA, $E9, $EA, $EB, $EC, $ED, $EE, $EF, $F0,
$F2, $F3, $F4, $F5, $E6, $E8, $E3, $FE, $FB, $FD, $9A, $F9, $F8, $FC, $E0, $F1,
$C1, $C2, $D7, $C7, $C4, $C5, $D6, $DA, $C9, $CA, $CB, $CC, $CD, $CE, $CF, $D0,
$B0, $B1, $B2, $B3, $B4, $B5, $B6, $B7, $B8, $B9, $BA, $BB, $BC, $BD, $BE, $BF,
$C0, $C1, $C2, $C3, $C4, $C5, $C6, $C7, $C8, $C9, $CA, $CB, $CC, $CD, $CE, $CF,
$D0, $D1, $D2, $D3, $D4, $D5, $D6, $D7, $D8, $D9, $DA, $DB, $DC, $DD, $DE, $DF,
$D2, $D3, $D4, $D5, $C6, $C8, $C3, $DE, $DB, $DD, $DF, $D9, $D8, $DC, $C0, $D1,
$85, $A3, $F2, $F3, $F4, $F5, $F6, $F7, $F8, $F9, $FA, $FB, $FC, $FD, $FE, $FF);
function X2Y(const st: string; srcCp, dstCp: Byte): string;
begin
case srcCp of
cpWin:
begin
case dstCp of
cpWin:
begin
Result := st;
end;
cpAlt:
begin
Result := Win2Alt(st);
end;
cpKoi:
begin
Result := Win2Koi(st);
end;
end;
end;
cpAlt:
begin
case dstCp of
cpWin:
begin
Result := Alt2Win(st);
end;
cpAlt:
begin
Result := st;
end;
cpKoi:
begin
Result := Alt2Koi(st);
end;
end;
end;
cpKoi:
begin
case dstCp of
cpWin:
begin
Result := Koi2Win(st);
end;
cpAlt:
begin
Result := Koi2Alt(st);
end;
cpKoi:
begin
Result := st;
end;
end;
end;
end;
end;
function Win2Koi(const st: string): string;
begin
Result := Alt2Koi(Win2Alt(st));
end;
function Koi2Win(const st: string): string;
begin
Result := Alt2Win(Koi2Alt(st));
end;
function Alt2Win(const st: string): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
Alt2Win[0] := Char(Length(st));
for i := 1 to Length(st) do
begin
Alt2Win[i] := Char(Alt2WinTable[Byte(st[i])]);
end;
end;
function Win2Alt(const st: string): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
Win2Alt[0] := Char(Length(st));
for i := 1 to Length(st) do
begin
Win2Alt[i] := Char(Win2AltTable[Byte(st[i])]);
end;
end;
function Alt2Koi(const st: string): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
Alt2Koi[0] := Char(Length(st));
for i := 1 to Length(st) do
begin
Alt2Koi[i] := Char(Alt2KoiTable[Byte(st[i])]);
end;
end;
function Koi2Alt(const st: string): string;
var
i: Integer;
begin
Koi2Alt[0] := Char(Length(st));
for i := 1 to Length(st) do
begin
Koi2Alt[i] := Char(Koi2AltTable[Byte(st[i])]);
end;
end;
function DetermineCodepage(const st: string): Byte;
var
WinCount,
AltCount,
KoiCount,
i, rslt: Integer;
begin
DetermineCodepage := cpAlt;
WinCount := 0;
AltCount := 0;
KoiCount := 0;
for i := 1 to Length(st) do
begin
if st[i] in AltSet then Inc(AltCount);
if st[i] in WinSet then Inc(WinCount);
if st[i] in KoiSet then Inc(KoiCount);
end;
DetermineCodepage := cpAlt;
if KoiCount > AltCount then
begin
DetermineCodepage := cpKoi;
if WinCount > KoiCount then DetermineCodepage := cpWin;
end
else
begin
if WinCount > AltCount then DetermineCodepage := cpWin;
end;
end;
end.

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